Brunei or Mongolia
Two countries side by side across the same rows as the full comparison. A dash means the value is missing: fields are not filled with guesses. about the data
| Brunei | Mongolia | |
|---|---|---|
| Salary in IT | — | — |
| Citizenship | 20 years | 5 years |
| Partner can work | no | — |
| Parents | — | — |
| Pets | no trouble | no trouble |
| Pet limit | no limit | no limit |
| Quarantine | no | — |
| Residence permit fee | — | — |
| Rent, 2 bedrooms | $ 946 · estimate | $ 710 · estimate |
| Basket | $ 31,6 | $ 28,1 |
| Life expectancy | 75.5 | 72.4 |
| Homicides/100k | 0.49 | 5.64 |
| Natural hazards, 0–10 | 2.8 | 3.3 |
How the two sets of routes differ
Long-stay routes in this reference: Brunei — 19, Mongolia — 28. Types present in both: work, family, investment, talent and repatriation. Mongolia adds: study.
Fees, thresholds and deadlines
Brunei: the fee is 50 BND wherever it is published. Mongolia: fees range from 45,000 to 135,000 MNT. Routes with a published decision deadline: 28; the shortest is 3 days.
Beyond the first permit
Citizenship: Brunei after 20 years, Mongolia after 5 years. Neither recognises a second citizenship.
Brunei in brief
Brunei is an oil-and-gas monarchy on the island of Borneo with one of the most closed long-term entry regimes in the world. The grounds for working residence are the Employment Pass, rigidly tied to a specific employer and requiring the employer to hold a Foreign Workers Licence from the Department of Labour, the Professional Visit Pass for select categories of experts, the Dependant's Pass for family members, and the Student's Pass. For none of these categories does the immigration service's official website publish processing times. There is no separate permanent residence status with a published number of years: the closest analogue, the Entry Permit, is granted at the discretion of the Controller of Immigration without an objective criterion. Naturalisation is governed by the Brunei Nationality Act (Cap. 15): 20 years of residence in the country out of the preceding 25 years, an oral exam in Malay before the Language Board, and a decision made entirely at the Sultan's discretion; time spent in the country on temporary passes (including work passes) does not count toward this period unless the Sultan directs otherwise. Dual citizenship is not permitted. There is no personal income tax — the Income Tax Act taxes only the income of legal entities. The country's economy rests on the extraction and export of oil and natural gas. Since 2014 the Syariah Penal Code Order, 2013 has been phased in and is in force; under the code's direct provision (s. 3(1)) it applies to both Muslims and non-Muslims unless expressly stated otherwise, and it includes hudud and qisas categories of offences. The sale of alcohol is banned throughout the country (Excise Order, 2006, s. 73).
Mongolia in brief
Mongolia is a landlocked country between Russia and China with an extremely uneven distribution of population: almost half the population is concentrated in Ulaanbaatar, while the other major cities (Erdenet, Darkhan) are an order of magnitude smaller. Dual citizenship is not permitted: naturalisation requires at least five years of permanent residence, knowledge of the Mongolian language, and renunciation of prior citizenship. The work-visa system is broken down in detail by sector of the economy (construction, science and IT, mining, finance, agriculture, and others); employing foreigners under the work and investor categories is subject to a separate monthly workplace fee. A sharply continental climate produces winter temperatures below -17°C and summer temperatures above +20°C on a monthly average. In winter, Ulaanbaatar ranks among the cities with the dirtiest air in the world: the average annual PM2.5 level stands at 42.7 µg/m³ — almost nine times the WHO guideline — because of coal heating in the ger districts.
Other comparisons
Brunei or… Taiwan · South Korea · Japan · Thailand · Kazakhstan · Lebanon · Uzbekistan · Malaysia
Mongolia or… Azerbaijan · Philippines · Bangladesh · Kuwait · Iraq · Oman · People's Republic of China · Sri Lanka
More on each: Brunei · Mongolia. Build your own comparison — up to four countries
This material is for reference and is not legal, tax or immigration advice. Visa rules, tax thresholds and prices change. Before deciding anything, check the official sources and consult a licensed professional in the relevant country.